The main course of Chinese cuisine represents the heart of a traditional Chinese meal, offering a rich variety of flavors, cooking techniques, and regional specialties. Unlike Western-style dining where courses are separated, Chinese meals are typically served family-style, with multiple main dishes shared among diners alongside staple foods such as rice, noodles, or steamed buns.
A typical Chinese main course emphasizes balance, harmony, and diversity, combining meat, poultry, seafood, tofu, and vegetables in different cooking styles such as stir-frying, steaming, braising, roasting, and stewing. Each dish is carefully prepared to achieve a balance of taste, aroma, texture, and appearance.
Chinese main dishes also reflect the country’s vast regional diversity. For example, Sichuan cuisine is known for its bold, spicy, and numbing flavors, while Cantonese dishes focus on freshness and mild seasoning. Shandong cuisine highlights savory and hearty flavors, and Jiangsu cuisine is famous for its refined, slightly sweet taste and elegant presentation.
Common elements of a Chinese main course menu include dishes such as Kung Pao Chicken, Mapo Tofu, Sweet and Sour Pork, Braised Beef, Steamed Fish, Fried Rice, and Chow Mein, along with a wide selection of seasonal vegetable dishes and soups.
Below is a mouth-watering array of main course (meat) dishes from all over China. They are arranged in the following order:
- Red meat: beef, lamb, pork, donkey and horse;
- White meat: chicken, duck, goose, pigeon, fish and seafood;
- Vegetarian options: rice, noodles, tofu, and vegetable dishes.
A selection of the top dishes from each type has been included. For the full menus click on the titles.
Beef Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Skillet Beef |
Tieban Niurou |
Tyeah-ban nyoh-roh |
铁板牛肉 |
| Cumin Beef |
Ziran Niurou |
Dzrr-ran nyoh-roh |
孜然牛肉 |
| Black Pepper Beef |
Heijiao Niurou |
Hay-jyaoww nyoh-roh |
黑椒牛肉 |
| Stir-Fried Beef and Green Peppers |
Qingjiao Chao Niuroh |
Ching-jyaoww chaoww nyoh-roh |
青椒炒牛肉 |
| Stir-Fried Beef and Potatoes |
Tudou Chao Niurou |
Too-doh chaoww nyoh-roh |
土豆炒牛肉 |
Lamb Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Xinjiang Roast Whole Lamb |
Xinjiang Kao Quan Yang |
Sshyin-jyang |
新疆烤全羊 |
| Northeast Mutton Slice Hot Pot |
Dongbei Shuan Yangrou |
Dong-bay shwann yang-roh |
东北涮羊肉 |
| Inner Mongolia Roast Mutton |
Menggu Kaorou |
Mnng-goo kaoww-roh |
蒙古烤肉 |
Pork Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Roast Pork |
Cha shao |
Cha-shaoww |
叉烧 |
| Red-Fried Pork |
Hong shao rou |
Hong-shaoww-roh |
红烧肉 |
| Sweet and Sour Fillet of Pork |
Tangcu Liji |
Tung-tsoo lee-jee |
糖醋里脊 |
| Steamed Pork |
Kou Rou |
Koh-roh |
扣肉 |
Donkey and Horse Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Five Spice Sauce Donkey |
Wu Xiang Jiang Lürou |
Woo sshyang jyang lyoo-roh |
五香酱驴肉 |
| Pingxiang Donkey |
Pingxiang Lürou |
Ping-sshyang lyoo-roh |
萍乡驴肉 |
| Ili Horse Meat |
Yili Marou |
ee-lee maa-roh |
伊犁马肉 |
Chicken Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Kung Pao Chicken (Spicy Diced Chicken with Cashews/Peanuts) |
Gong Bao Ji Ding |
Gong baoww jee ding |
宫保鸡丁 |
| Xinjiang Large Tray Chicken |
Xinjiang Dapanji |
Sshin-jyang daa-pan-jee |
新疆大盘鸡 |
| Hangzhou Beggars’ Chicken |
Hangzhou Jiaohua Ji |
Hung-joh jyaoww-hwaa jee |
杭州叫花鸡 |
| Chicken in Sweet and Sour Sauce |
Tangcu Ji Kuai |
Tung-tsoo jee kweye |
糖醋鸡块 |
| Soft–Fried Chicken with Lemon Sauce |
Xi Ning Jian Ruan Ji |
Sshee ning jyen rwan jee |
西柠煎软鸡 |
Duck Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Beijing Roast Duck |
Beijing Kaoya |
Bay-jing kaoww-yaa |
北京烤鸭 |
| Quanzhou Ginger (Female) Duck |
Quanzhou Jiang Muya |
Chwen-joh jyang moo-yaa |
泉州姜母鸭 |
| Nanjing Brine-Boiled Duck |
Nanjing Yanshui Ya |
Nan-jing yen-shway yaa |
南京盐水鸭 |
| Hangzhou Old Duck Soup |
Hangzhou Lao Ya Bao |
Hung-joh laoww yaa baoww |
杭州老鸭煲 |
Goose Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Roast Goose |
Kao E |
Kaoww Er |
烧鹅 |
| Steamed Goose Feet |
Qingzheng E Zhang |
Ching-jnng er jung |
清蒸鹅掌 |
Pigeon Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Pigeons Marinated in Soya Paste Sauce |
Jiang Zhi Gezi |
Jyang jrr ger-dzuh |
酱汁鸽子 |
| Five Spice Pigeon |
Wuxiang Gezi |
Woo sshyang ger-dzuh |
五香鸽子 |
| Deep-Fried Pigeon |
You Lin Gezi |
Yoh lin ger-dzuh |
油淋鸽子 |
| Deep Fried Pigeon in Spicy Sauce |
Lu Zha Luan Ge |
Loo jaa lwan ger |
卤炸乳鸽 |
Fish Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Yangshuo Beer Fish |
Yangshuo Pijiu Yu |
Yung-shwor pee-jyoh yoo |
阳朔啤酒鱼 |
| West Lake Vinegar Fish |
Xihu Cu Yu |
Sshee-hoo tsoo yoo |
西湖醋鱼 |
| Sichuan Poached Fish Fillets in Hot Chili Oil |
Sichuan Shuizhuyu |
Srr-chwann shway-joo-yoo |
四川水煮鱼 |
| Broth-Steamed Bass |
Qingzheng Luyu |
Ching-jnngloo-yoo |
清蒸鲈鱼 |
Seafood Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Steamed Turtle |
Qingzheng Jiayu |
Ching-zhnng jyaa-yoo |
清蒸甲鱼 |
| Oil Braised King Prawns |
You Men Da Xia |
Yoh mnn daa sshyaa |
油焖大虾 |
| Macao Portuguese Fresh Garden Oysters |
Aomen Pu Yuan Sheng Hao |
Aoww-mnn poo ywen shnng haoww |
澳门葡园生蚝 |
| Dry-Fried Shredded Squid with Peppers |
Gan Bian Youyu Si |
Gan byen yoh-yoo srr |
干煸鱿鱼丝 |
Other Meat Dishes
Rice Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Egg Fried Rice |
jīdàn chǎo fàn |
jee-dan chaoww-fan |
鸡蛋炒饭 |
| Eight Delicacies Rice |
bābǎo fàn |
baa-baoww fan |
八宝饭 |
| Fried Rice with Pickled Vegetables |
pào cài chǎo fàn |
paoww tseye chaoww-fan |
泡菜炒饭 |
| Rice in Shredded Vegetable Soup, Shanghai Style |
Shànghǎi pào fàn |
shaung-heye paoww fan |
上海泡饭 |
| Fried Rice with Vegetables |
shūcài chǎo fàn |
shoo-tseye chaoww fan |
蔬菜炒饭 |
Noodle Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Noodles with Beef in Brown Sauce |
Hongshao Niurou Mian |
Hong-shaoww nyoh-roh myen |
红烧牛肉面 |
| Beef Stretched Noodles |
Niurou Lamian |
Nyoh-roh laa-myen |
牛肉拉面 |
| Sliced Noodles |
Daoxiao Mian |
Daoww-sshyaoww myen |
刀削面 |
| Soybean Paste |
Zhajiang Mian |
Jaa-jyang myen |
炸酱面 |
| Rice Noodles in Red Oil |
Guilin Hongyou Mifen |
Gway-lin hong-yoh mee-fnn |
桂林红油米粉 |
Tofu Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Bean Curd with Mince and Chili Oil |
Mapo Doufu |
maa-por doh-foo |
麻婆豆腐 |
| Tofu Soup |
Doufu Tang |
doh-foo tung |
豆腐汤 |
| Tofu and Chopped Scallion Soup |
Xiaocong Ban Doufu |
sshyaoww-tsong ban doh-foo |
小葱拌豆腐 |
| Tofu Jelly |
Doufu Nao |
doh-foo naoww |
豆腐脑 |
| Tofu and Shrimp Balls |
Doufu Xian Xia Wan |
doh-foo sshyen sshyaa wan |
豆腐鲜虾丸 |
Vegetable Dishes
| English |
Chinese |
Pronunciation |
Characters |
| Fried Spicy Vegetarian Beef |
Xiang La Su Niurou |
Sshyang laa soo nyoh-roh |
香辣素牛肉 |
| Vegetarian Sweet and Sour Spare Ribs |
Su Chao Tangcu Paigu |
Soo chaoww tung-tsoo peye-goo |
素炒糖醋排骨 |
| Vegetarian Ham |
Su Huotui |
Soo hwor-tway |
素火腿 |
| Vegetarian Ants Climb Tree (vermicelli with spicy silk noodles) |
Su Mayi Shang Shu |
Soo maa-ee shung shoo |
素蚂蚁上树 |
| Vegetarian Drumstick with Western Gravy |
Xi Zhi Su Ji Tui |
Sshee jrr soo jee tway |
西汁素鸡腿 |
| Crispy Roast Duck |
Cui Pi Kaoya |
Tsway pee kaoww-yaa |
脆皮烧鸭 |
| Luojiang Fried Bean Duck |
Luojiang Dou Ya |
Lwor-jyang doh yaa |
罗江豆鸭 |
| Fried Vegetarian Crab Meat |
Chao Su Xiefen |
Chaoww soo sshyeah-fnn |
炒素蟹粉 |
| Seven Color Shitake Mushrooms |
Qicai Xianggu |
Chee tseye sshyang-goo |
七彩香菇 |
| Fried Pickle Cabbage and Bean Sprouts |
Xuecai Chao Douya |
Sshwair-tseye chaoww doh-yaa |
雪菜炒豆芽 |