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  • Progress of Trans-Asian Railway Network

    2020-09-09admin3647 wordsAbout 13 minutes

    The Trans-Asian Railway Network (TAR) is a landmark regional initiative designed to connect Asia’s railway systems with Europe and the Middle East. Since its conception in 1960, the network has achieved significant milestones, both in terms of physical connectivity and cross-border transport facilitation.


    Historical Development and Milestones

    Year / Period Achievement / Milestone Notes
    1960s Northern Corridor operational Initially supported trade between Soviet Union and China
    1970s Train ferry across Lake Van Enabled rail service between Turkey and Iran
    1990 China–Kazakhstan rail connection completed Linked via Turkestan–Siberia Railway and Lanxin Railway
    1996 Iran–Central Asia link completed Branch Tejen–Sarakhs–Mashhad
    2000s Southern Corridor opened Expanded regional connectivity beyond Northern Corridor
    2000s Direct freight service Germany–China via Russia Containers reloaded at break-of-gauge points
    2009 Iran–Pakistan Bam–Zahedan link operational Break-of-gauge at Zahedan (Pakistan broad gauge 1,676 mm; Iran standard gauge 1,435 mm)
    2011 China–Kazakhstan Zhetigen–Khorgos line completed Second China–Kazakhstan rail link
    2013 Eurasia Marmaray Tunnel opens Connects European and Asian Turkey; initially isolated from broader network
    2014 Iran–Azerbaijan–Russia agreement North–South Corridor; missing Astara–Rasht (167 km) link planned
    2017 Construction started on Astara–Rasht link Completes a critical North–South Corridor connection
    2019 Marmaray Tunnel fully integrated First international freight train transporting magnesite ran from Çukurhisar (Tepebaşı, Eskişehir) to Austria

    Key Corridors and Links

    Corridor Coverage Special Notes
    Northern Corridor Soviet Union → China Oldest corridor, operational since 1960s
    Southern Corridor South & Southeast Asia Opened after 2000 to expand connectivity
    China–Kazakhstan Links Turkestan–Siberia Railway, Lanxin Railway, Zhetigen–Khorgos Supports China–Central Asia trade
    Iran–Central Asia Tejen–Sarakhs–Mashhad Completed 1996; connects Iran with Turkmenistan & Uzbekistan
    Iran–Afghanistan Iran → Herat Completed 2013
    Iran–Pakistan Bam–Zahedan Break-of-gauge; facilitates international freight
    Eurasia Marmaray Tunnel European Turkey ↔ Asian Turkey Freight began 2019; enhances transcontinental rail

    Network Overview

    Aspect Details
    Total Length ~125,500 km
    Number of Countries Served 28
    Core Purpose Facilitate cross-border rail transport across Asia and Europe
    Integration Part of ESCAP’s international, intermodal transport system, including the Asian Highway and dry ports
    Economic Impact Enhances trade, logistics efficiency, and regional economic growth

    Intergovernmental Agreement & Governance

    Item Details
    Agreement Adopted April 2006 (62nd session of ESCAP)
    Effective Date June 11, 2009
    Purpose Standardize regulations and facilitate international railway transport
    Working Group Established by ESCAP to implement the Agreement
    Responsibilities Address operational challenges, propose amendments, and streamline cross-border transport

    Efficiency Enhancement Measures

    ESCAP has developed a framework to improve railway border crossings, including:

    Focus Area Measures
    Border Crossings Streamline documentation, customs, and inspection procedures
    Standardization Harmonize technical standards across countries
    Transport Facilitation Reduce delays, improve container handling, and enhance connectivity
    Implementation Targets Define processes, timelines, and performance benchmarks

    Summary of Progress

    The Trans-Asian Railway Network has progressed from initial bilateral trade links in the 1960s to a multicontinental network spanning Asia and connecting to Europe. Key achievements include:

    • Opening of major corridors (Northern and Southern)

    • Construction of strategic links such as China–Kazakhstan, Iran–Pakistan, and Marmaray Tunnel

    • Initiation of cross-border freight services, improving trade efficiency

    • Establishment of ESCAP governance and frameworks to enhance border and operational efficiency

    The TAR continues to be a dynamic platform for regional cooperation, supporting economic integration, cultural exchange, and the seamless movement of goods across Asia and Europe.

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